GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
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TITLE PAGE
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "geographic information retrieval system" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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Geographical information is recorded in a wide variety of media and document types. There are innumerable paper-based books, reports, images and maps; there are computer databases and digital maps along with vast numbers of web pages containing text, images and digital versions of articles, books and reports. Over the past few decades information technology for accessing geographical information has focused on the combination of digital maps and databases that characterise the majority of GIS. It is only in recent years that much attention has been paid to the development of computer systems to retrieve geographically-specific information from the relatively unstructured but immense resource of documents that compose the world-wide web (e.g. Larson 1996, McCurley 2001, Egenhofer 2002, Rauch et al. 2003, Purves et al. 2007).
Because everything we do takes place in a geographical context it is not surprising that many requirements for information on the web have a geographical focus (it has been estimated that between 13-15% of web queries submitted to traditional search engines contain a place name (Sanderson and Kohler 2003, Jones et al. this issue)). It is this need for public access to geographical information on the web that has been a major motivation for the growth of the academic field of geographical information retrieval (GIR)
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF STUDY
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
- OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
- SCOPE OF STUDY
- LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATUE REVIEW
2.1 INFORMATION SYSTEM
2.2 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
2.3 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
2.4 TOURISM
2.5 THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN TOURISM
2.6 MAPPING
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 METHODOLOGY, SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 SYSTEM ANALYSIS.
3.2 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.3 ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
3.4 ADVANTAGES OF THE EXISTING
3.5 DISADVANTAGES OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
3.6 ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
3.7 JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
3.8 METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 OVERVIEW OF DESIGN
4.2 MAIN MENU
4.3 PROGRAM MODULES SPECIFICATION
4.4 CHOICE AND JUSTIFICATION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE.
4.5 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
4.6 IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
4.7 DOCUMENTATION PLAN
4.8 MAINTENANCE DETAILS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 SUMMARY
5.2 REVIEW OF ACHIEVEMENT
5.3 AREAS OF APPLICATION
5.4 SUGESSTION FOR FURTHER STUDIES
5.5 RECOMMENDATION
5.6 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
According to Chang, K. T. (2008), Geographic Information Retrieval System (GIRS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage and present all types of geographical data. The acronym GIRS is sometimes used for geographical information science or geospatial information a study which refers to the academic discipline or career of working with geographic information system. In simplest terms GIRS is the merging of cartography, statistical analysis and database technology.
A geographical information retrieval system can be thought of as a system which digitally creates and manipulates spatial areas that may be jurisdictional, purpose or application- oriented. Generally, a GIRS can be custom designed for an organization. Hence, a GIS developed for an application jurisdiction, enterprise or purpose may not be necessarily interoperable or compatible with a GIRS that has been developed for some other application, jurisdiction, enterprise or purpose. What goes beyond a GIRS is a spatial infrastructure, a concept that has no such restrictive boundaries.
In general sense, the term GIRS describes any information system that integrates, stores, edits, analyzes, shares and displays geographic information for informed decision making. GIRS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user – created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in maps and present the result of all these operations. Geographic information science is the science underlying geographic concepts, applications and systems.
The link between geography and information technology can not to a very large extent be over- emphasized.
Using Enugu State tourism board as a case study has helped to give a comprehensive understanding of the importance and the need of a geographic information system, as it is believed, information technology has a significant role in geographic information system and high level of expectations would and is already being demanded from its use both in Nigeria and the world at large.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In our daily lives as humans, most of our endeavors involve moving from one location to another for one thing or the other. A problem emerges when there is no proper direction or a system as to give accurate direction in locating our destination, what the said destination contains and what is has to offer. This is the problem the state has as concerning tourism, whereby a good number of tourists
(most especially tourists visiting for the very first time) and other individuals wanting to visit tourist sites in the state but cannot do so because of the lack of a well detailed system to provide them (tourists) with an accurate geographic information system as to how to locate these sites within the state.
Due to the lack of an accurate geographic information retrieval system as far as tourism is concerned, most tourists are discouraged from exploring these tourist locations within the state, this in turn hampers the positive impact that tourism is meant to have on the development in the state and the Nigerian society at large.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
- To examine the existing / current system in regards to how geographic information for tourism is provided for tourists in and outside the state.
- To improve on the already existing system by designing a geographic information retrieval system that is well detailed and easily accessible.
- This study also seeks to help in broadening the scope of tourism in the state through providing a comprehensive geographic information retrieval system.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is to show that a link between geography and other professions can be created on the platform of information technology. i.e. to show
that with information technology the problem of location can and is solved to a very large extent.
1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY
The scope of this study is limited to tourist locations and hotels within the state using the Enugu state tourism board as a case study in view of providing / improving on the existing geographic information system of the board for tourism in the state.
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
Time was a major constraint faced during the research for this project work and limited the effort in developing a much more comprehensive package needed in the design and implementation of the geographic information retrieval system.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
GEOGRAPHY: Geography is a science that deals with the distribution and arrangement of all elements of the earth‟s surface. The word geography was adopted in the 200s BC by the Greek Scholar Eratosthenes and means „earth description.‟
INFORMATION SYSTEM: An information system can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization.
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM: A “geographic information system” (GIRS) is a computer-based tool that allows you to create, manipulate, analyze, store and display information based on its location LOCATION: The position, site or sitting of somebody or something.
MAP: A diagrammatic drawing of something such as a route or area made to show the location or how to get there.
TOURISM: Travel to benefit from a particular service or activity that is unavailable at home.
COMPUTER : An electronic device that can accept data/ information inform of input , process the data /information in order to produce an output and also has the capability to store the information for future use.
DATA: Data refers to raw or unprocessed information.
SOFTWARE: This is the logically written instruction that controls the operations of the hardware.
HARDWARE: This is the physical components of computer system and other geographic tools or devices.
DATABASE: This is the collection of related data/ information stored mostly in a central location.
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN (CAD): Software programs for the design, drafting and presentation of graphics. Originally designed for manufacturing and drawing, now also widely used for mapping.
OPERATING SYTEM: A series of computer programs which control the operations of the computer itself. Application programs such as GIS software run under an operating system. Examples of operating system include UNIX, VMS, DOS etc.
1.8 PLAN OF THE STUDY
This study is basically divided into five (5) chapters.
CHAPTER ONE: Takes on the introduction of the subject matter. If consists of the super significance and definition of terms of the study.
CHAPTER TWO: This is the literature review this entails the works that had been done on this particular topic which was done by other researchers.
CHAPTER THREE: Will talk about the Methodist that the researcher adopted in getting necessary materials or information that will facilitate the success of the research work.
CHAPTER FOUR: Explain how the researcher was able to analysis and present the data he got for his work while the chapter:
CHAPTER FIVE: Brings everything to conclusion the researcher does his summary and give necessary recommendation where needed.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "geographic information retrieval system" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "geographic information retrieval system" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "geographic information retrieval system" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "geographic information retrieval system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "geographic information retrieval system" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "geographic information retrieval system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "geographic information retrieval system" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "geographic information retrieval system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "geographic information retrieval system" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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