TEACHER CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT AND STUDENT’S ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS STUDIES IN IREPODUN LGA KWARA STATE
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TITLE PAGE
TEACHER CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT AND STUDENT’S ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN BUSINESS STUDIES IN IREPODUN LGA KWARA STATE
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "teacher classroom management and student’s academic performance in business studies in irepodun lga kwara state" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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The study examined the Teacher Classroom Management and Student’s Academic Performance in Business Studies in Irepodun L.G.A, Kwara Stat. Two hundred respondents were randomly chosen for the study. A self-reporting questionnaire was used for data collection and the result of the study revealed some factors that influencing classroom management of business studies teacher among these are classroom discipline, classroom students’ reinforcement, teachers’ pedagogical attitude, teacher’s class control. The questionnaire were used to elicit the information based on this study, the data collected were analyzed using frequency counts and percentages for the demographic information of respondents while Chi-square was used to test postulated hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level.The findings of the study revealed that:
- There is significant influence of classroom discipline on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State with chi- square value of 241.04 is greater than the critical value of 21.03 at 0.05 level of significance
- There is significant influence of teachers’ pedagogical attitude on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State with calculated chi-square value of 212.02 is greater than the critical value of 21.03 at 0.05 level of significance
- There is significant influence of students’ reinforcement on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State by the calculated chi- square value of 98.12 is greater than the critical value of 21.03 at 0.05 level of significance
- Teacher’s class control significantly influence academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State with calculated chi- square value of 131.01 is greater than the critical value of 21.03 at 0.05 level of significance
Based on the findings of this research, classroom discipline, students’ reinforcementamong others have significant effects on academic performance of business studies students among the selected junior secondary schools in Irepodun LGA Kwara State. The study therefore recommends business studies teachers should ensure positive learning environment. And they must maintain good time and ensure the classroom is properly arranged for effective learning as to encourage students to learn effectively for the improvement in teaching and learning.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgments iv
List of Tables vii
Abstract viii
Table of Contents ix
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction 1
Background to the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 4
Purpose of the Study 4
Research Questions 5
Research Hypotheses 5
Significance of the Study 6
Scope of the Study 7
Operational Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Concept of Classroom Management
Classroom Management in Teaching and Learning Business Studies
Concept of Student Academic Performance
Theoretical framework
Classroom Discipline and Students’ Academic Performance
Students’ Reinforcementand Students’ Academic Performance
Teacher Pedagogical Attitude in Teaching Business Studies
Teacher Class Control and Students’ Academic Performance
Factors Hindering Teacher’s Classroom Management in Business Studies
Possible Solution forTeacher’s Classroom Management in Teaching and Learning Business Studies
Appraisal of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design 31
Population, Sample and Sampling Techniques
Instrumentation 32
Procedure for Data Collection 33
Method of Data Analysis 33
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYID AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
Demographic Data 34
Operational Hypotheses 36
Discussion of Findings 39
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary 41
Conclusion 41
Recommendations 42
References 43
Appendix 45
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Education in Nigeria has become a gigantic industry that has been recognized not only as a tool for nation building but also as a source from which individual Nigerians can realize their goals and aspirations. The vision of every society in modern times is that education be used as a tool for social change. In other words, if a country desires to bring about a new philosophy, a new orientation, a new social order or a new thinking pattern, the vehicle for such a change is education. To effect a desired change such a country must undertake modification of its curriculum as a first step, followed by classroom instruction, which is derived from the affected curriculum and implemented by the teacher in the classroom.
Classroom management according to Akubue (2001) is the process of creating favourable conditions to facilitate instructions as well as that of regulating social behaviour of students. He viewed classroom management and organization as a function of proper knowledge, dedication, skill and training for which they are called. The behaviours and the reaction of students are much related to the degree of teacher’sproper management of the classroom. Teachers in the classroom are by the nature of their profession, managers of classroom activities. The class teacher’s job unlike that of other professionals is concerned with maintaining order, allocating resources, regulating the sequence of events and directing his own attention towards achieving the educational goals.
Classroom management plays an important role in the teaching/learning process. It is a veritable tool in the process of passing instructions from the teacher to the students. The success of any educational system is a function of the effectiveness of classroom management. Classroom teachers are managers and so ought to be in control from the beginning of the lesson to the end so as to ensure that the students benefit from the interactive business that transpires in the classroom situation. This, to a greater extent would enhance smooth coordination and responses on the part of both the teacher and the learner. Today, classroom management according to Akpakwu (2003) is the most neglected area in our secondary schools, and the success or failure of any teaching/learning process depends to a large extent on the way classrooms are managed. Failure to effectively manage the classroom can have an overall negative influence on the entire school most especially in terms of sound academic performance of the school. When educators talk about classroom management, one of the first things that come to mind is maintenance of discipline, others are control, motivation, teaching methods, leadership style, use of instructional materials and communication.
Ada (2004) sees classroom discipline as a function of the interaction between teacher and students that brings about self-control and respect for authority. It entails creating and keeping rules based on reciprocal understanding and tolerance, and requires establishing limits that must not be transgressed. Students’ reinforcement is another management variable that according to Fadipe (2000) is the process of influencing or stimulating a student to take action that will accomplish desired goals. A teacher can reward the learners in order to increase the probability of reporting the desired behaviour. Good and appropriate teaching methods are important aspects of classroom management. Diane and Farrand (2000) explained that teachers do not necessarily modify their teaching strategies or methods when placed in a class to manage. They further said that teachers need to be trained in order to effectively apply a wide range of instructional methods that can cater for various forms of differences that exist in the class.
Recent happenings and occurrences at the level of secondary schools and even other levels of education leave many scholars in panic today and zone B senatorial District is not left out. The teacher finds himself in a class filled with students who are disposed to violence, not only to their fellow students but the teacher also. In a bid to control this tendency towards violence, indiscipline, and noise making, careful management of the classroom is therefore important.
Secondary School students’ academic performance according to Fadipe (2000) takes into cognizance both quality and quantity of the internal and external results achieved. It implies that it is not just the number of graduates of the system that matters but how relevant and competent the graduates are in meeting the societal needs and aspirations. It is on the basis of the above that the researcher is worried and decided to carry out this research to find out, the influence of classroom management on students’ academic performance in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
It is regrettable to observe that classroom management which is the most important ingredient of good teaching seem to be greatly neglected in secondary schools especially the public schools in zone B senatorial District of Benue State. The managerial demands on the classroom teacher are by no means light. The keeping of records and reports, requisition of self-effort and provision of supplies and equipment as well as the necessary routines of classroom management, take much of the teachers’ time. The teacher sometimes gets trained in different cultural backgrounds and later finds himself faced with students from varied cultural and socio economic backgrounds, different adjustment capabilities and social interaction abilities.
The problems today include inequality of opportunity in the classroom, improper upliftment of rights of students, improper school rules and inconsistency of the classroom teacher, and poor level of preparedness on the part of the teacher to adequately pass on instructions and so on. Today, the situation in our secondary schools seem worse, if one walks into any of these schools during lesson periods, many classes if not all, may not be organized, there may be no form of discipline in these classrooms, no form of motivation for these students to learn, no teacher to monitor and control the activities of the students in the classes to mention but a few which negate effective classroom management. Against this background, the major problem of this study is to determine the influence of classroom management on students’ academic performance in in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State.
1.3 Research Questions
The following research questions were generated to guide the study;
- What is the influence of classroom discipline on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State?
- What influence does students’ reinforcement have on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State?
- Does teachers’ pedagogicalattitude influence academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State?
- Will teacher’s class control have any influence on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State?
1.4 Research hypotheses
The following hypotheses were formulated to guide the study and tested at 0.05level of significance
H01 there is no significant influence of classroom discipline on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State
H02 there is no significant influence ofstudents’ reinforcement on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State
H03 there is no significant influence of teachers’ pedagogical attitudeon academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State
H04 Teacher’s class control does not significant influence academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA Kwara State
1.5 Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is investigating the Teacher Classroom Management and Student’s Academic Performance in Business Studies in Irepodun LGA Kwara State. Specifically, the purpose of the study is to:
- find out whether classroom discipline will have influence on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State
- determine whether students’ reinforcementwill be able to influence on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State
- examine whether teachers’ pedagogical attitude will be the influence on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State
- investigate whether teacher’s class controlwill be the influence on academic performance of business studies students in Irepodun LGA, Kwara State
1.6 Significance of the study
The study will be significant in the sense that teachers at secondary level of education need to be properly motivated and encouraged in order to enhance performance and effectiveness. The reason is that it is at this level that student’s academic performance determines their career afterwards.
The finding of this research work will be significant to students, teachers, NUT, policy makers and government at large.
It will help students to enjoy proper classroom arrangement for effective teaching and learning.
Teachers to able to increase the ability of controlling and proper arrangement of classroom of teaching and learning
It will enable the educationists and the government to be aware of the level of motivation being made available to teachers.
The study will provides information for policy makers and serves as guide to improve on specific areas of need that could enhance teacher’s performance in their job performance.
The findings will assist the professional bodies specially the Nigeria Union of Teachers (NUT) and the like on how to go about improving lots of its members.
1.7 Scope of the Study
This study presents the findings of the Teacher Classroom Management and Student’s Academic Performance in Business Studies in Irepodun LGA Kwara State. This study was carried out in Irepodun Local Government Area in Kwara State, Nigeria.
The study is covers the influence of teachers classroom management and ways to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of teaching and learing business studies among the junior secondary schools in Irepodun Local Government Area, Kwara State.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Although there are various definition and meaning which can be given to each of the terms, the researcher has limited the understanding of some important terms used hereby defined them the content of this study.
Classroom:refers to a place where interaction between the teacher the teachers and students are taken place for the purpose of learning.
Control: Is to direct, supervise and coordinate a set of people or situation in order to gain or achieve a desire goal.
Teacher: This is refers to the facilitator of teaching and learning or a person who delivers subject matter to the learners.
Class Size: This is the population of the students available in a classroom setting.
Facilities: It is the materials available for the teaching and learning of business studies in a given class or school.
Discipline: Orderly or good conduct and action which result from raining in a system of rules for the conduct and respect for accepted rules and regulations of the school.
Student: A person undergoing a course of study and instruction at a secondary school.
Management: These is the process of designing and maintaining a conducive atmosphere for members of an organization who is working together towards the realization of set objective as planning, organizing, staffing, heading and controlling in order to reach the end as utilizing the physical and human resources through co-operative effort.
1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
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