THE EFFECT OF MILITARY RULE ON NIGERIA POLITICAL ECONOMY
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TITLE PAGE
THE EFFECT OF MILITARY RULE ON NIGERIA POLITICAL ECONOMY
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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Military rule has been one of the greatest factors responsible for the set back of the African continent. Infact General Sanni Abacha’s regime has been described by many scholar’s, as the most unconcerned government when it comes to the issue of economy. Therefore, this project assesses the effect of military rule on the Nigeria economy choosing the General Sanni Abacha’s regime as a case study. Chapter one serves as the general introduction to the study. Chapter two reviews the past relevant literatures on the issue of military rule of General Sanni Abacha’s regime in particular. In chapter three, General Sanni Abacha’s intervention in Nigeria politics and its aftermath on the economy and discussed. Chapter four guest the in-depth comparative analysis of the regimes policies with its achievements. Chapter five serves as the conclusion of the study where recommendations are govern. The research work, having observed the shortcomings of military rule concludes that all stakeholders in Nigeria politics should do everything possible to prevent military from coming to power in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Table of Content vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study 1
- Statement of the Problem 3
- Purpose of the Study 4
- Significance of the Study 5
- Research Questions 6
- Scope and Limitation 7
- Definition of Key Terms 7
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
- Introduction 9
- Survey of Military Rule In Nigeria 9
- Features of Military Rule 14
- Remote and Immediate Causes of Military Rule of Nigeria 17
CHAPTER THREE: MILITARY RULE IN NIGERIA
SINCE ITS INCEPTION
- Introduction 20
- The Military Rule Under General Yakubu Gowon
(1966 – 1975) 21
- The Military Rule Under Muritala
Muhammed/Olusegun Obasanjo (1975 – 1979) 23
- The Military Rule Under Muhammed Buhari
and General Idiagbon (1983 – 1985) 25
- The Military Rule Under Ibrahim Babangida
Regime (1989) 26
- The Military Rule Under Abacha’s Regime
(1993 – 1998) 30
- The Military Rule Under Abubakar Abdulsalam
Regime (1998 – 1999) 32
CHAPTER FOUR: ABACHA’S REGIME AND NIGERIAN POLITICAL ECONOMY AND HIS INTERNATIONAL RELATION
- Economic Situaton Under Abacha 34
- Political Situation under Abacha 35
- International Relations Under Abacha 36
- Consequences of Abachas Regime 37
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- Summary 43
- Conclusion 45
- Recommendations 45
References 48
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The most populous country on the African continent, the Nigerian experience with democracy has been paradoxical and ambiguous (Diamond, 1995). Although the military controlled the government for twenty-four of the first thirty-four years of independence, Nigeria has never accepted indefinite authoritarian rule, and no military rule that has not committed itself to a transition to democracy has been able to survive. Through ten national government, ix successful military coups, a civil war, and a dizzying economic boom followed by a crushing depression – not to mention repeated assaults by military regimes on human rights and associational life Nigerians have maintained a passionate commitment to personal freedom and political participation.
The various military regimes, in Nigeria have embarked on lasting reforms that have transformed Nigeria polity, hence, their impacts are seen in political and economic spheres (Aliu, 2000). The impacts of military rule in Nigeria is seen in political and economic lives. These have both positive and negative effects, politically the military has contributed immensely to the development of Nigeria through state and local government creation exercise, constitutional engineering and enunciation of transitional programmes. The military regimes that came to power had in their various ways contributed to the realization of the unity in Nigeria, on the other hand, military regimes had contributed to democratic instability and human right abuse in the country.
On the economic scene, the contributions of military rule is also felt, whether positive or negative. The military economic contributions and policies formulation and implementation for instance, the Nigeria Enterprises promotion Decree of 1972/1977 or the indigenization policy was formulated by the military rule. Additionally, the introduction of Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) by Babangida regime was aimed at revamping nation’s economy. Some other economy policies of successive military regimes in Nigeria are the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) Directorate of Food, Roads and Rural Infrastructures (DFRRI). Operation Feed the Nation (OFN) and so on.
- 2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Military intervention in the polity of Nigeria is an aberration – a deviation from the normal practice. However, in appraising the impact of the military on Nigerian political economy, therefore, evidences abound to show that the Armed Forces have touched the political and economic life of the nation and its citizens some of the policies of the successive, military regime have heaved had both developmental and modernizing effects while others are outright negative.
From the above premise therefore, the problem which this study intends to solve are as follows to what extent has military regimes contributed to the political economy of the Nigeria – State? Are the political and economic achievements of the military regimes being consolidated by the civilian administration. How can the political economy lives of Nigeria be improved? These and other questions will form the basis of this study.
- 3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
Specifically, this study will examine the effects of military rule on Nigerian political economy. Other objectives include:
- To identify the reasons for military intervention in Nigeria politics.
- To discuss the impacts of Abacha’s regime on the political and economic spheres on Nigeria.
- To proffer suggestions on how the Nigerian political economic climates can be stabilized.
- 4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
There are dearth of materials on the effects of military rule on the political economy of Nigeria. This study is therefore one of the intellectual contributions to this topic. The study will enable the citizens to compare the political and economic impacts of military rules with that of the civilian administration in Nigeria. Beside, it will assist government in the political economy reforms having learned from the experiences of the successive military regimes in Nigeria.
In addition, this study will be beneficial to students lecturers and researchers who currently conduct research on military and political economic in Nigeria. It will also be a source of reference for future research on similar topic.
- 5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
This study is aimed at answering the following questions.
- Is military is the best system of government?
- Does military rule allow the citizens to contribute to the development of the nation?
- Does military rule guarantee human right?
- Does military rule violence pose a threat to democratic government?
- Does ethnicity constitute the effect of military rule on Nigerian political economy?
- 6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
This study covers the effects of Abacha regime on Nigeria political economy from 1993 to 1998. It will also be restricted to aspects of military administration, such as the features, historical background, and organisation.
The underlisted constraints are the obstacles of this study.
- Inadequate materials on the military and Nigerian political economy.
- Financial and time constraints limited the study to Abacha administration.
Inspite of the above problems, optimum use of the available resources were ensured.
- 7 DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
These definitions have been adopted as operational meanings for the following terms in the study.
MILITARY: - This refers to a political and highly skilled body of persons specially trained to protect the territorial integrity of a nation.
This includes the arm, Navy and the Air force.
MILITARY RULE: This is a system of government by the military or the khaki boys: Army, Navy and Air force.
POLITICAL ECONOMY: Political economy refers to the interrelationship between political and economic system. It explains how the political and economic set up of a nation is being organized. Presently, the Nigerian political economy can be best described as liberal democracy.
1.8 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "the effect of military rule on nigeria political economy" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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