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THE EFFECT OF UNWANTED PREGNACY ON SECONDARY SCHOOL FEMALE STUDENT’S EDUCATION IN ILORIN WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA.KWARA STATE

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TITLE PAGE

THE EFFECT OF UNWANTED PREGNACY ON SECONDARY SCHOOL FEMALE STUDENT’S EDUCATION IN ILORIN WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA.KWARA STATE

BY

---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---

DECEMBER,2018



APPROVAL PAGE

This is to certify that the research work, "the effect of unwanted pregnancy on secondary school female student’s education in ilorin west local government area kwara state" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.

By
---                                                     . ---
Supervisor                                                  Head of Department.
Signature……………….                           Signature……………….        

……………………………….
---
External Invigilator



DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.


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ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT

    1. INTRODUCTION
    2. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
    3. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
    4. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY.
    5. RESEARCH QUESTION.
    6. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
    7. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

 CHAPTER TWO
2.0     REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1     INTRODUCTION
2.2     REASONS FOR FEMALE STUDENT PREGNANCY
2.3     KNOWLEDGE ABOUT SEXUALITY
2.4     PEER PRESSURE
2.5     INDEPENDENCE
2.6     MEDIA
2.7     EARLY MENARCHE
2.8     BELIEFS ABOUT FERTILITY
2.9     CONTRACEPTION
2.10   SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS
2.11   RISK-TAKING BEHAVIOR
2.12   ROLE MODELS
2.13   EFFECT OF UNWANTED PREGNANCY ON THE FEMALE STUDENT’S EDUCATION
2.14   ABSENTEEISM
2.15   POOR PERFORMANCE IN SCHOOL WORK
2.16   DISCRIMINATION
2.17   SCHOOL DROP OUT  
2.18   EDUCATORS’ ATTITUDES
2.19   EDUCATORS’ UNDERSTANDING
2.20   SUPPORT FROM EDUCATORS
2.21   FUTURE PERSPECTIVE
2.22   APPRAISAL OF LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER THREE
3.0     RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1     RESEARCH DESIGN
3.2     POPULATION, SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
3.3     INSTRUMENTATION
3.4     VALIDITY OF THE INSTRUMENT
3.5     RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT
3.6     PROCEDURE FOR DATA COLLECTION
3.7     DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0     DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1     SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0     DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1     DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
5.2     CONCLUSIONS
5.3     RECOMMENDATIONS
5.4     SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES  

CHAPTER ONE
1.0       INTRODUCTION
1.1       Background to the Study
Education is central to the development of young people as it prepares them for the worldof work and life. As young people spend longer periods in education, as part of the natural course of development, sexual experimentation and maturity is increasingly coinciding with secondary schooling (Panday, Makiwane, Ranchod & Letsoalo, 2009:5).
For manyteenagers it remains at the level of experimentation, and if sex occurs, indications are thatsome form of contraception is used when teenagers are still at school (Bhana, Morrell,Shefer & Ngabaza, 2010:873).
However, for many female student it results in unwanted pregnancy, HIVor other sexually transmitted diseases (Mwaba, 2000:32). Being a female student who ispregnant or a mother has implications for continued educational opportunities.
Nigeria is confronted with an escalating epidemic of female student pregnancies.Female students unwanted pregnancy has grown in significance as asocial construct and as such represents one of several indicators of burgeoning female student delinquency, sexual permissiveness and moral decay (Chigona and Chetty 2007).Female studentunwanted pregnancy as a socioeconomic challenge and an important health problem formany communities in Nigeria.
It is a reflection of irresponsible sexual behavior andinconsistent use of contraception. According to Oni, Prinsloo, Nortje and Joubert (2005:55 Female studentunwanted pregnancy may include health risks such as complications duringpregnancy or delivery and secondary infertility if an abortion is done. In addition, thepossibility of dropping out of school is considerable which results in a lack of educational qualifications and future employment.
Female student unwanted pregnancy is considered to be a disaster by mostpeople. Yet female studentunwanted pregnancies are increasing in number each year and are occurringat younger ages. Although this trend is noticeable all over the world, the problem isgreater in developing countries such as Nigeria (Devenish, Funnell & Greathead, 2004:180). The unwanted pregnancy rate amongst female student in Nigeria remains high by international comparison.
The rate of 13% in rural areas in Ilorin West L.G.A environment is twice the national average of 6.5%. Medical risks, disruption of education and long-lasting emotional problems are associated with female student pregnancy, the choice of what to do when the pregnancy is confirmed is too serious a matter for the level of maturity of most female students. A pregnant female student often faces confusing advice from people regarding pregnancy, child-rearing and education and this can undermine her confidence in herself and her ability to cope.
In their research Karra and Lee (2012:15) found that most female students perceive falling pregnant while still at school as a negative event with consequences such as difficulty at school or drop out, unemployment, quilt feelings, alienation from family members and friends and loss of a boyfriend, Mazibuko (2002:2) points to the fact that a baby changes its mother’s life in many ways.
A pregnant female students has to consider her future and the things she may not be able to do once the child is born, (Hughes, 2002:23) Will she be able to finish her education and have a professional career? Therefore, a pregnant female students needs to calculate the risks involved and determine whether she can take proper care of a baby and complete her education (Nash, 2002:151).

1.2       Statement of the Problem
In essence the problem that will be investigated in this study pertains to the effect that unwanted pregnancy has on the education of a female student in Ilorin West, Kwara State Nigeria. Being a female student inevitablyleads to schooling disruption or drop out, which means a life-world remarkably differentfrom that of non-pregnant female student. Therefore, some of the questions that requireanswers are:
What are the reasons for female student unwanted pregnancy?
What is the effect of the unwanted pregnancy on the education of the female student?
What support is available for pregnant female student?
Many study have been carried out on effects of unwantedpregnancy on female students education in Nigeria.Among the authors includes Burger, Gouws and Kruger (2011) who wrote on effect on unwanted pregnancy on female students education in Ilorin West L.G.A, Kwara State Also Newman (2008:4) carried out research on effect of unwanted pregnancy on female students education in Lokoja L.G.A,Kogi State. To the best of the researcher knowledge no studies have been carried out on effects of unwanted.
In essence this statement of the problem investigated the reasons for female student pregnancy and the effect of. pregnancy on the schoolgirl’s education. Despite the availability and variety of methods of contraception many adolescent female student become pregnant in Ilorin West L.G.A, Kwara.  Nigeria. The mainreason why female student’ fall pregnant is having sex without any protection. There are various reasons why adolescent female student do not use any method of contraception, namely, not expecting to have intercourse and did not prepare for it, they prefer not to use protection, lack of knowledge about contraception and reproductive health, no access to contraceptives, embarrassment to get contraceptives or fear that their parentswill find out they are sexually active.
Becoming pregnant and being a female student mother poses risks for educational success. This situation often disrupts or end schooling and the leap from school to tertiary education or employment. Absenteeism, poor academic performance, repetition of grades and dropout are results of schoolgirl pregnancy with consequences like poor job opportunities,increased dependency and poverty

1.3       Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of unwanted pregnancy on female secondary school students in Ilorin West L.G.A. of  Kwara State.
Specifically it found out:

  1. what are the causes of unwanted pregnancy among the females students
  2. the effect of unwanted pregnancy on education of the female student
  3. the nature of the support available for a unwanted pregnant of female students.

1.4       Research Question
The study will be answer the following research question.

  1. What are the causes of unwanted pregnancy among females students?
  2. What is the effect of unwanted pregnancy on the education of female students?
  3. What is the nature of the support available for an unwanted pregnancy of female students?

1.5       Scope of the Study
This study covered all teachers and female students in secondary schools in Ilorin West L.G.A of Kwara State. Ten (10) schools were selected for this study. The schools are:

  1. Government High School Ilorin.
  2. Government Day Secondary School Adeta , Ilorin
  3. Government Day Secondary School Adewole , Ilorin
  4. Government Girls Secondary School Oko-Erin , Ilorin
  5. Government Day Secondary School OdoOkun , Ilorin
  6. Ilorin Grammar School, Ilorin.
  7. Junior Secondary School Odota, Ilorin.
  8. Sheik AbdulKadir Secondary School, Ilorin.
  9. Queen Elizabeth School, Ilorin.
  10. Waziri Junior Secondary School, Ilorin.

Five (5) and fifteen (15) female students were randomly selected from the each of the selected secondary school in Ilorin West L.G.A which totaled fifty (50) teachers and one hundred fifty (150) female students. 

1.6       Operational Definition of Terms
Effect:thisrefers to as the consequence of female students’ unwanted pregnancy on girl child education.
Pregnant Female Student: A pregnant female student is a student who got pregnant during her course of education.
Causes: this is refers to as the antecedent associated to female students unwanted pregnancy in secondary schools.  This include violence, age discrepancy in relationship, child environmental factor etc
Support Available:this are services provided by the government, school administrator and parents of female students who fall into the challenge of unwanted pregnancy to help in providing basic education to the affected female child.

1.7                                                         PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied,  chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.


CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "the effect of unwanted pregnancy on secondary school female student’s education in ilorin west local government area kwara state" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "the effect of unwanted pregnancy on secondary school female student’s education in ilorin west local government area kwara state" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "the effect of unwanted pregnancy on secondary school female student’s education in ilorin west local government area kwara state" was reviewed.

CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "the effect of unwanted pregnancy on secondary school female student’s education in ilorin west local government area kwara state" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "the effect of unwanted pregnancy on secondary school female student’s education in ilorin west local government area kwara state" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.

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